Common forging methods and their advantages and disadvantages_Forging parts_Fork hook

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Common forging methods and their advantages and disadvantages

Jun 14,2024

Free forging refers to the machining method of forgings that uses simple universal tools or applies external forces directly between the upper and lower anvils of forging equipment to deform the billet and obtain the required geometric shape and internal quality. Forgings produced using the free forging method are called free forgings.

Free forging mainly produces small batches of forgings, using forging equipment such as hammers and hydraulic presses to shape and process the blanks, and obtain qualified forgings. The basic processes of free forging include upsetting, elongation, punching, cutting, bending, twisting, displacement, and forging. Free forging adopts the hot forging method.

The free forging process includes basic process, auxiliary process, and finishing process.

The basic processes of free forging include upsetting, elongation, punching, bending, cutting, twisting, displacement, and forging. However, the most commonly used processes in actual production are upsetting, elongation, and punching.

Auxiliary processes: Pre deformation processes, such as pressing jaws, pressing steel ingot edges, cutting shoulders, etc.

Fine finishing process: a process that reduces surface defects of forgings, such as removing unevenness and shaping the surface of forgings.

Advantages:

(1) Forging has great flexibility and can produce small parts of less than 100kg, as well as heavy parts of up to 300t;
(2) The tools used are simple universal tools;
(3) Forging forming is the gradual deformation of the billet in different zones, therefore, the tonnage of forging equipment required for forging the same forging is much smaller than that of model forging;
(4) Low precision requirements for equipment;
(5) Short production cycle.

Disadvantages and limitations:

(1) The production efficiency is much lower than that of model forging;
(2) Forgings have simple shapes, low dimensional accuracy, and rough surfaces; Workers have high labor intensity and require a high level of technical proficiency;
(3) Difficulty in achieving mechanization and automation.

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